Spanner.



Patented Nov. 26,- l90l. S. 0. HANDS, F. J.HDLDER &. T. THOMAS.

SPAN N EB.

(Application filed Dec. 21, 1900.)

(No Model.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFI E.

SYDNEY OSMOND HANDS, FREDERICK JOHN HOLDER, AND THOMAS THOMAS,

' OF NEWPORT, ENGLAND.

SP'ANNER.

SHECIF ICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 687,525, dated November 26, 1901. Application filed December 21, 1900. Serial No. 40,682. (No model.)

To an whom it may concern-.-

Be it known that we, SYDNEY OsMoND HANDS, colliery agent, of Silver Howe, Gold Tops, Newport, FREDERICK JOHN HOLDER, carriage-painter,of 30 Fair Oak avenue, Main dee, Newport, and THOMAS THOMAS, patternmaker, of 32 Brynglass road, Newport, in the county of Monmouth, England, subjects of the'Queen of 'GreatBritain, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Spanners, (for which we have madeapplication for patent in Great Britain under date of November 28, 1900, No. 21,530,) of which' the following is a specification.

This invention refers to an improved construction of spanners, the objects in view being to simplify the said construction and to render the spanner capable of immediate application to the nut or bolt-head by a movement of the spanner in a direction at right angles to the axis of the said nut and when so applied to cause the spanner to automatically grip the nut in one direction of axial motion and to become inoperative when turned in the opposite direction, whereby occasion for removal of the spanner from the nut during operation is entirely obviated, the spanner being also so constructed as to be capable of adjustment to adapt it to operate upon difierent-sized nuts.

Our invention therefore consists in the combination of parts composing the spanner, as hereinafter described and claimed, by which the aforesaid objects are attained and which we will now describe with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure l is a sectional elevation of our improved spanner. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of the spanner shown at Fig. 1, illustrating the jaws adjusted to act upon a smaller nut or bolt-head. Fig. 3 is a vertical crosssection on the line X Y, and Fig. 4 is a similar view on the line X Y both ofFig. l.

The stock or casing A of the spanner forming the handle is made of sheet metal bent into a flattened-tube shape, and at the acting end the two leaves or side walls are united by a solid distance-piece B. This distance-piece B formsa stationary abutment which receives part of the sides of the nut which isto be turned and may be shaped accordingly, as is shown by way of example.

Between the leaves of the stock A upon one side of the distance-piece B we fit a pivot-pin O, the ends of which are carried in slots D, formed in the walls of the stock, the slots extending longitudinally, and the pivot-pin is adapted to be adjusted along these slots, as hereinafter described. On this pivot-pin O and between the walls of the stock we mount a pivotal jaw E, the inner acting surface of which is adapted to embrace a side or sides of the nut which is to be turned.

Between the side of the distance-piece B and the wall A of the stock opposite to the pivotal jaw E we provide an adjustable bar F,which we term an abutment-jaw, and the end of this bar is caused to project more or less from the acting and of the stock, the office of this abutment-jaw F being to support a side'of the nut which is being operated upon. The rear end of the abutment-jaw F is fitted with a pin G, and both this pin G of the abutment-jaw F and the pivot-pin O of the pivotal jaw E pass through the ends of the two limbs H H of a bifurcated adjustment-bar H. This bifurcated adjustmentbar extends within the length of the hollow stock and is screw-threaded to receive a nut J, the externally-milled edges of which project through a slot in each wall of the stock,

and by operating this nut the adjustmentbar H is caused toslide inward or outward within the stock, and the abutment-jaw F and pivotal jaw E are thus moved inward or outward relatively to the acting end of the stock and to the distance or abutment piece B.

The shape of the sheet-metalstock is shown very clearly by the sectional views at Figs. 3 and 4, Fig. 3 showing the pivot-pin O, the jaw E, and the arm H of the bar H mounted thereon.

At Fig. 4. is clearly shown the adj ustmentnut of the bar H projecting through the slots in the walls of the stock.

In order that the abutment-jaw may not only be adjusted relatively to the acting end of the stock, but may also simultaneously be adj usted in a direction at right angles thereto, we form the outer edge F of the jaw F with a slope or cam-like surface which bears upon the wall 'A' of the stock. Bythis construction when the abutment-jaw F is drawn inward within the stock not only is the extent of its projection lengthwise from the stock reduced, but the surface which acts against the nut is brought nearer to the fixed abutment or distance piece B.

The pivotal jaw E is acted upon by a spring K, which is carried from one limb H of the bar H and tends to close the jaw E toward the abutment-jaw F.

It will be noticed that the outer end of the' pivotal jawE is rounded at E, and a converging entrance for the nut is thus provided within the jaws, so that when the spanner is pressed with its rounded surface E laterally against a nut the pivotal jaw E is turned upon the pin 0, the nut passes within the embrace of the abutment-jaw F, andthe pivotal jaw E closes down upon the said nut.

With a hexagonal form of nut, to which form the spanner, as shown on the drawings, is particularly applicable, two sides of the nut are directly embraced by the pivotal jaw E, one side by the abutment-jaw F, and two sides by the stationary abutment or distance piece B.

The spanner isfirst placed over a nut and the jaws E and F are adjusted by means of the adj ustment-nut J to suit the size of that particular nut. Having been thus adjusted, the spanner can then be rapidly applied to the next similar nut by forcing the end of the spannerlaterally against one of the angles of the nut, which causes the pivotal jaw E to turn on its pivot-pin O and admit the nut to within the jaws. The nut may then be turned by the spanner in the direction shown by the arrow, and if it is convenient to only turn the nut through a portion of a revolution at onetime the spanner may, without removal from the nut, be turned in a reverse direction without turning the'nut with it, because the spring K, having but little strength, allows the pivotal jaw E to turn on its fulcrum O and permit of the passage of the angles of the nut. then brought by the spring K back to position for a further portion of a turn to be effected in the direction of the arrow.

At Fig. 1 of the drawings the spanner is shown adjusted to operate upon a comparatively large size nut, while at Fig. 2 the same spanner is shown adjusted to operate upon a smaller nut.

What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In spanners having a pivotal jaw,"and which are adapted to grip a'hexagonal nut in one direction of motion, and to pass around the said nut inoperatively in'the other direction of motion; the combination of a hollow metalstock, a solid distance-piece fixed at the acting end of the stock between its two sidewalls to form a stationary abutment for l portion of the nut, a pivotal jawlocated The pivotal jaw E is between the said walls of the stock'near one side of the abutment-piece,extending beyond the acting end of the spanner and formed on its internal side to grip another portion of the nut, a pivot-pin in the rear end of the jaw, longitudinally-extending slots in the walls of the stock to receive the ends of the pivot-pin, an adjustable abutment-jaw located between the walls of the stock, adjacent to the side of the distance-piece opposite to the pivotaljaw to form a normally stationary abutment for another side of the nut, a bifurcated adj ustment-bar located within the hollow stock, one limb holding the pivotpin of the pivotal jaw, and the other limb being connected to the adjustable abutmentjaw, means for longitudinally adjusting the bifurcated bar to shift the pivotal jaw and the abutment-jaw relatively to the acting end of the spanner, a spring carried by one limb of the adjustment-bar to act on the pivotal jaw to close the same, and a slope on the adjustable abutment-jaw to coact with the end wall of the stock and move the acting surface of the abutment-jaw toward or away from the pivotal jaw when the adjustable jaws are traversed longitudinally,substantially asset forth.

2. In spanners having a pivotal jaw, and which are adapted to grip a hexagonal nut in one direction of motion, and to pass around the said nut inoperatively in the other direction of motion; the combination of a hollow stock of sheet metal bent into a flattened tubular form, a solid distance-piece fixed at the acting end of the stock between its two side walls, to form a stationary abutment for a portion of the nut, a pivotal jaw located between the said walls of the stock near one side of the abutment-piece, extending beyond the acting endof the spanner and formed on its internal side to grip another portion of the nut, a pivot-pin in the rear end of the jaw, longitudinally-extending slots in the walls of the stock to receive the ends of the pivot-pin,- an adjustable abutment-jaw located between the walls of the stock oppo= site to the pivotal jaw to form a normally stationary abutment for another side of the nut, a pivot-pinpassing through the rear end of the abutment-jaw, a bifurcated adjustmentbar located within the hollow stock,- one limb holding the pivot-pin of the pivotal jaw and the other limb holding the pivot-pin of the adjustable abutment-jaw, a screw-threaded end to the adj ustm cut-bar, a nut located upon the said end and engaging the screw, slots in the side walls of the stock through which milled edges of the nut project, and by which nut the adjustment-bar is slid, and the pivotal and abutment jaws thereby adjusted to or from the acting end of the spannelg'a spring carried by one limb of the adj ustment-bar to act on the pivotal jaw to close the same, and a slope on the adjustable abutment-j aw to coact with the end wall of the stock and move the acting surface of the abutment-jaw toward or away from the pivotal jaw, when the adj ustable jaws are traversed longitudinally, substantially as set forth. 7

3. In spanners having a pivotal jaw, and which are adapted to grip a hexagonal nut in one direction of motion, and to pass around the said nut inoperatively in the other direction of motion; the combination of a hollow stock of sheet metal bent into a flattened tubular form, a solid distance-piece fixed at the acting end of the stock between its two side walls, to form a stationary abutment for a portion of the nut, a pivotal jaw located between the said walls of the stock near one side of the abutment-piece, extending beyond the acting end of the spanner and formed on its internal side to grip another portion of the nut, a pivotpin in the rear end of the jaw, longitudinally extending slots in the walls of the stock to receive the ends of the pivot-pin, an adjustable abutment-jaw located between the walls of the stock opposite to the pivotal jaw to form a normally stationary abutment for another side of the nut, a pivot-pin passing through the rear end of the abutment-jaw, a bifurcated adjustment-bar located within the hollow stock, one limb holding the pivotpin of the pivotal jaw and the other limb holding the pivot-pin of the adjustable abutment-jaw, a screw-threaded end to the adj ustment-bar, a nut located upon the said end and engaging the screw, slots in the side walls of the stock through which milled edges of the nut project, and by which nut the adjustment-bar is slid, and the pivotal and abutment jaws thereby adjusted to or from the acting end of the spanner, a spring carried by one limb of the adj ustmentbar to act on the pivotal jaw to close the same, a slope on the adjustable abutmentjaw to coact with the end wall of the stock and move the acting surface of the abutmentjaw toward or away from the pivotal jaw, when the adjustable jaws are traversed longitudinally, and a rounded exterior end to the pivotal jaw to form a con-verging entrance by which the said jaw is thrown back by lateral pressure against the angles of the nut and caused to enter the grip of the spanner, substantially as set forth.

SYDNEY OSMOND HANDS.

FREDERICK JOHN HOLDER.

THOMAS THOMAS.

Witnesses:

RosE OABOT, LLOYD OvERsToNE, 

